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1 Loyola University
1) Частный университет с гуманитарным уклоном [ liberal arts] католического ордена иезуитов в г. Чикаго, шт. Иллинойс. В него входят также: медицинский центр [Medical Center], медицинский факультет Стритча [Stritch School of Medicine] и Колледж Вест-Баден [West Baden College] в штате Индиана. Основан в 1870. Более 6 тыс. студентов2) Частный университет католического ордена иезуитов в г. Новом Орлеане, шт. Луизиана. Основан в 1904. Около 3,6 тыс. студентовEnglish-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Loyola University
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2 Loyola University
Университет Лойолы (в Новом Орлеане, штат Луизиана). В нём обучается ок. 4 тыс. студентов <назв. в честь Игнатия Лойолы (1491?—1556), основателя ордена иезуитов>США. Лингвострановедческий англо-русский словарь > Loyola University
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3 Loyola University of Chicago Law Journal
Law: Loy.U.Chi.L.J.Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Loyola University of Chicago Law Journal
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4 Chicago
Третий по величине город в США. Расположен на севере штата Иллинойс на юго-западном побережье озера Мичиган [ Michigan, Lake]. 2,8 млн. жителей (2000), Большой Чикаго (с пригородными зонами в штатах Индиана и Висконсин) - МСА [ MSA] Чикаго-Гэри-округ Лейк - более 9,1 млн. жителей. Крупнейший транспортный узел США - порт на оз. Мичиган при впадении в него р. Чикаго [ Chicago River], по которой начинается канал оз. Мичиган - р. Миссисипи [ Mississippi River], международный аэропорт О'Хэйр [ O'Hare International Airport], крупнейший в мире железнодорожный узел (здесь заканчиваются 19 магистралей, общая длина путей в пределах узла равна почти половине всех железнодорожных путей страны). Город снабжается электроэнергией и теплом крупной коммунальной компанией "Коммонуэлс Эдисон" [Commonwealth Edison Company]. Важнейший торгово-финансовый центр, иногда его называют "Великий центральный рынок США" ["the Great Central Market of the United States"]. Крупнейшая товарная биржа [ Chicago Board of Trade], здесь же вторая по значению в США товарная биржа [ Chicago Mercantile Exchange]. Исторически Чикаго славился своими крупнейшими бойнями. Ныне - крупнейший центр тяжелой (металлургия и тяжелое машиностроение), а также электротехнической и электронной промышленности (телеграфно-телефонная аппаратура, бытовая электро-, радио- и телевизионная техника), химической (в том числе нефтехимия), бумажной, полиграфической и пищевой промышленности. Чикаго - второй по значению культурный и научный центр страны. Несколько крупных университетов: Чикагский университет [ Chicago, University of] с его центром ядерных исследований, Северо-западный университет [ Northwestern University], Иллинойский университет [ Illinois, University of], два католических университета [ DePaul University, Loyola University], Иллинойский технологический институт [ Illinois Institute of Technology]. В городе ряд крупных библиотек, Музей естественной истории [ Chicago Natural History Museum], Музей науки и промышленности [ Museum of Science and Industry], Планетарий Адлера [Adler Planetarium], Астрономический музей и ряд других. Крупная коллекция произведений живописи сосредоточена в Художественном институте [ Art Institute of Chicago]. Оперный театр [Chicago Opera Theater], известный Чикагский симфонический оркестр [ Chicago Symphony, The], балетная труппа [Chicago Ballet]. Город расположен дугой вдоль побережья оз. Мичиган с центром в районе впадения в озеро р. Чикаго. Центральная деловая часть города известна под названием "Петля" [ Loop, the]. Здесь расположены главная торговая улица Стейт-стрит [ State Street] с крупным универсальным магазином "Маршал Филд" [ Marshall Field's], "Чикагская Уолл-стрит" - улица Ласалль [ La Salle Street], биржи. Красивейшей улицей Чикаго считается Мичиган-авеню [ Michigan Avenue] с крупнейшим отелем [ Chicago Hilton Hotel]. В деловом центре расположены знаменитые небоскребы [ skyscraper]: высочайший в мире "Сирс тауэр" [ Sears Tower] (443 м, 110 этажей, 1974), "Амоко" (346 м, 80 этажей, 1974), "Джон Хэнкок сентер" (343 м, 100 этажей, 1969), "Номер 311, Саут-Уэкер-стрит" (296 м, 65 этажей, 1990), "Номер 2, Пруденшл плаза" (275 м, 64 этажа, 1990), "Эй-Ти-энд-Ти корпорат сентер" (272 м, 60 этажей, 1989), "Номер 900, Норт-Мичиган" (266 м, 66 этажей, 1989), "Уотер тауэр плейс" (262 м, 74 этажа, 1976) и здание "Ферст нэшнл бэнк" (260 м, 60 этажей, 1969). Кроме того в Чикаго имеются еще 45 небоскребов выше 160 м, в 40 этажей и выше. Среди старых высотных зданий достопримечательностью считается небоскреб компании "Палмолив" [Palmolive Building], пережившая пожар 1871 водонапорная башня [ Water Tower] - памятник архитектуры - и здание оптового товарного рынка [ Merchandise Mart] - одно из крупнейших по площади в США. В городе много парков, известный зоопарк [Chicago Zoological Garden, The]. Река Чикаго и два ее рукава делят город на три части - Северную, Южную и Западную стороны [North Side, South Side, West Side]. Один из "молодых" городов США (создан в 1833). В 1673 на этом месте была торговая фактория, в 1803 построен военный форт Дирборн. В 1812 совершено нападение индейцев на поселенцев [Dearborn Massacre], а в 1830 были проданы с аукциона первые участки под застройку. 8 октября 1871 известный пожар [ Chicago Fire] уничтожил практически весь город. 1 мая 1886 в Чикаго состоялась забастовка и демонстрация рабочих, подавленная полицией; в знак памяти 2-й Интернационал принял решение отмечать 1 мая как день международной солидарности трудящихся. В 1925-30 в городе хозяйничали банды гангстеров Аль Капоне [ Capone, Al (Alphonse)], который хвастался: "Полиция у меня в руках", "Чикаго принадлежит мне". Терпение полиции переполнилось после "Кровавой бойни в День Св. Валентина" [ St. Valentine's Day Massacre] - расправы Капоне с бандой соперников, и он был наконец арестован. Как и Нью-Йорк, город долгое время находился под управлением партийных боссов [ boss, (political)] -
5 New Orleans
Город на юге штата Луизиана. 484,6 тыс. жителей (2000), с пригородами 1,3 млн. человек - самый большой город штата, третий в США по занимаемой площади; административный центр "прихода" (округа) Орлеан [Orleans Parish (parish)]. Важный торгово-финансовый и культурный центр Луизианы и других южных штатов. Крупный порт в 175 км от впадения р. Миссисипи [ Mississippi River] в Мексиканский залив [ Mexico, Gulf of], занимающий второе место по грузообороту в США, основной порт торговли со странами Латинской Америки. Большая часть города расположена ниже уровня реки, но город защищен от наводнений системой дамб и каналов. Два аэропорта - Международный [New Orleans International Airport] и Лейкфронт [Lakefront Airport], железнодорожный узел. Судостроение, нефтепереработка, химическая промышленность, авиастроение. В окрестностях крупные месторождения нефти и природного газа, в том числе на шельфе. Университеты Лойолы [ Loyola University], Тюлейна [ Tulane University], Зейвира [ Xavier University], Дилларда [Dillard University], медицинский факультет Университета штата [ Louisiana State University] и др. высшие учебные заведения. Здесь издается крупнейшая газета штата "Нью-Орлинс таймс-пикайун" [New Orleans Times-Picayune], работают 7 теле- и 18 радиостанций. Крупная Благотворительная больница [Charity Hospital]. Город основан в 1718 французами во главе с Ж. Лемуаном [Le Moyne, Jean B.] и назван Вилль д'Орлеан [Ville d'Orleans] в честь герцога Орлеанского. С 1722 столица Территории Луизиана [Louisiana Territory]. В 1763-1803 был попеременно в руках испанцев и французов, после покупки Луизианы [ Louisiana Purchase] (1803) отошел к США. Традиционный крупный центр торговли хлопком. Из-за расположения в излучине р. Миссисипи получил прозвище Город-полумесяц [Crescent City]. Известен как место проведения карнавала "Марди-гра" [ Mardi Gras] и родина джаза [ jazz]. Город привлекает тысячи туристов своими узкими улочками Французского квартала [ Vieux Carre; French Quarter], архитектурой разных эпох, этническим разнообразием, ресторанами и курортами, в том числе на оз. Понтчартрейн [ Pontchartrain, Lake].English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > New Orleans
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6 Carrollton
1) Город на северо-востоке штата Техас, в 24 км к северо-западу от г. Далласа [ Dallas], на р. Элм-Форк [Elm Fork of the Trinity River (Trinity River)]. Входит в район Метрокрест [ Metrocrest]. 109,5 тыс. жителей (2000; в 1950 здесь было 1,6 тыс. жителей; с 1980 численность выросла почти на 70 тыс. человек). Первые поселенцы появились на месте современного города в 1842, в 1881 здесь прошла железная дорога "Миссури, Канзас и Техас" [Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railroad], до 60-х годов XX в. был сельскохозяйственным городком, позднее стал бурно развиваться как жилой пригород. Статус города с 1913. Производство программного обеспечения, полупроводников, оборудования для нефтяных месторождений. Скорее всего назван по населенному пункту в штате Иллинойс, родине первых переселенцев. Ежедневная газета "Кэрроллтон кроникл" [Carrollton Chronicle] и еженедельник "Метрокрест ньюс" [Metrocrest News].2) Город на северо-западе штата Джорджия. 19,8 тыс. жителей (2000). Административный центр [ county seat] округа Кэрролл [Carroll County] (с 1829), в 60 км к юго-западу от г. Атланты, недалеко от р. Литл-Таллапуса [Little Tallapoosa River]. Основан в 20-е годы XIX в. под названием Трупсвилл [Troupsville], в 1829 переименован в честь Ч. Кэрролла [ Carroll (of Carrollton), Charles], статус города с 1856. Развивался как торговый и промышленный центр сельскохозяйственного района. Текстильная промышленность, производство проволоки; звукозаписывающие компании. Колледж Западной Джорджии [West Georgia College] (1933).3) Жилой район на юго-западе г. Новый Орлеан, шт. Луизиана, на берегу р. Миссисипи [ Mississippi River], в 5 км к западу от Джексон-сквер [ Jackson Square]. Создан после англо-американской войны 1812-14 [ War of 1812], в 1835 соединен с городом железной дорогой, с 1874 в составе города. Рядом Университет Тюлейна [ Tulane University], Университет Лойолы [ Loyola University], Университет Зейвира [ Xavier University].4) Усадьба XVIII в. в окрестностях г. Фредерик, шт. Мэриленд. Создана Ч. Кэроллом [Carroll, Charles], земельным агентом лорда Балтимора. Название было использовано его внуком Ч. Кэрроллом из Кэрроллтона; встречается в других географических названиях в штате Мэриленд.тж Carrollton Manor -
7 New Orleans
[ˏnju:ˊɔ:li:nz||ˊɔ:lɪǝnz] Новый Орлеан, крупнейший город в штате Луизиана ( с пригородами более 1 млн. жителей). Необычный для США город с культурными традициями, берущими начало от французских, испанских, креольских, негритянских, мексиканских, индейских корней; всё это, переплавленное в котле жаркого американского Юга, прорывается наружу бурей эмоций в дни карнавала Марди-Гра [*Mardi Gras] и криком души в импровизациях диксиленда. Музыканты джаза называют Новый Орлеан «большим спокойным» [Big Easy], а их самих в Новом Орлеане называют «профессорами». Они лучше всех знают и чувствуют Новый Орлеан. В городе с населением св. миллиона нет машиностроения и тяжёлой промышленности, на протяжении всей своей истории он был центром торговли, крупнейшим портом на юге США, в дельте р. Миссисипи, и, несмотря ни на что, сохранил атмосферу европейского города XVIII в. Для американцев он всегда был центром утончённой культуры. Город основан французами в 1718, в первой половине XVIII в. Новый Орлеан был административным центром французских колоний в Америке (1723—63), затем был передан под испанское управление, а в 1803 снова возвращён Франции. В 1803 Наполеон продал Луизиану Соединённым Штатам, что сразу удвоило размеры нового государства. В 1815 американский ген. Эндрю Джексон [*Jackson, Andrew], во главе кентуккской милиции, собрав всех, кого можно, — новоорлеанского пирата Жана Лафита, индейцев племени чокто, множество креолов и некоторое число чёрных рабов, разгромил англичан в битве под Новым Орлеаном [*Battle of New Orleans]. В годы Гражданской войны (1861—65) город был объектом ожесточённой борьбы между армиями Севера и Юга. После войны Новый Орлеан продолжал расти как порт по вывозу хлопка, сахарного тростника и индиго, выращиваемых на соседних плантациях, и как своего рода космополитический осколок Старого Света, сверкающий в глуши американского Глубокого Юга [*Deep South]. Прозвище: «большой спокойный» [Big Easy]. Житель: новоорлеанец [New Orleanean]. Река: Миссисипи [*Mississippi II]. Районы, улицы, площади: площадь Джексона [*Jackson Square]; улицы Бёрбон-стрит [*Bourbon Street], Канал-стрит [*Canal Street] и Ройял [*Royal Street]; Садовый район [*Garden District]; Променад Муна [*Moon Walk]. Комплексы зданий, памятники: дворец Кабилдо [*Cabildo], собор Св. Людовика [*St. Louis Cathedral]. Музеи, памятные места: Дом с привидениями [*Haunted House]; аптека Пешо [*Peychaud’s Pharmacy]; Старый монетный двор [*Old Mint]; зал Презервейшн-Холл [*Preservation Hall]; кузница Лафита [*Laffite’s Blacksmith Shop]; особняк мадам Джонс [*Madame John’s Legacy]. Худ. музеи, выставки: Новоорлеанский художественный музей [*New Orleans museum of Art]. Культурные центры, театры: «Маленький театр Французского квартала» [*Le Petit Theatre du Vieux Carre], Театр исполнительских искусств [*Theater of the Performing Arts], Центр исполнительских искусств Сэнджера [*Saenger Performing Arts Center], Новоорлеанский филармонический оркестр [*New Orleans Philarmonic Symphony], Муниципальная аудитория [*Municipal Auditorium], Музыкально-драматический театр Нового Орлеана [New Orleans Music and Drama Foundation]. Учебные заведения, научные центры: Университет Тулейн [*Tulane University], Университет Лойолы [*Loyola University], Новоорлеанский университет [*University of New Orleans]. Периодические издания: «Нью-Орлеанс таймс» [*‘New Orleans Times-Picayune, The’]. Спорт: крытый стадион «Супердом» [*Superdome]; футбольные команды: «Новоорлеанские святые» [*‘New Orleans Saints’] и «Новоорлеанские крушители» [*‘New Orleans Breakers’]. Магазины, рынки: Французский рынок [*Old French Market]. Отели: «Понтчартрейн» [*‘Pontchartrain Hotel’], «Ройял Орлеанс» [*‘Royal Orleans Hotel’]. Рестораны: «Вершина марта» [*‘Top of the Mart’], «Руфь» [*‘Le Ruth’s’], «Антуан» [*‘Antoine’s’], «Бреннан» [*‘Brennan’s’]. Достопримечательности: оз. Понтчартрейн [*Lake Pontchartrain]; прогулочный пароход «Жан Лафит» [*‘Bayou Jean Laffite’]; усадьба Хоумас-Хаус [*Houmas House]; кладбище Св. Людовика [*St. Louis Cemetery Number One]. Фестивали: Новоорлеанский фестиваль джаза и культурного наследия [*New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival], праздник Марди-Гра [*Mardi Gras]США. Лингвострановедческий англо-русский словарь > New Orleans
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8 Loy.U.Chi.L.J.
Юридический термин: Loyola University of Chicago Law Journal -
9 Bibliography
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10 Xavier, Saint Francis
(1506-1551)Jesuit missionary and preacher in Asia, known as the "Apostle of the Indies" and the "Apostle of Japan," one of the most prominent and admired saints in the Catholic tradition. Born a Basque in Navarre, Spain, Xavier studied at the University of Paris and became one of the first Jesuits following his friendship and association with St. Ignatius Loyola.He became a Jesuit in Italy and, in 1540, was named by the pope Apostolic Nuncio to the East. After an arduous 13-month journey, he reached Goa, Portuguese India, which became the base for his personal preaching and conversion crusade in Asia. He spread the Gospel and converted thousands in India, Malaysia, Malacca, and Japan during a full decade of tireless effort. Prematurely, he died exhausted in China on the eve of an effort to preach in that kingdom. He was buried in Goa, India, in 1551; his body remained in an incorrupt state for a long period and his grave became an important Catholic shrine and center of devotion. In 1622, he was canonized by Pope Gregory XV, and Pope Pius XI declared him patron saint of all foreign missions.
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